高镁镍渣-磷石膏基复合胶凝材料的制备与性能评价

采用机械研磨的方式将高镁镍渣（HMNS）和磷石膏（PG）筛分至不同粒度，评价了掺不同粒度高镁镍渣和磷石膏复合胶凝材料的力学性能，并对强度形成机制进行了分析。评价了各种配比下浆体的抗压强度和体积稳定性，并分析了其作用机制。试验表明：以HMNS∶PG∶富钙硅质材料ZL=5.4∶3.6∶1配比制得试样的28 d抗压强度为4.43 MPa；室温环境下养护56 d，SP6线性收缩为1.02×10-3 mm/mm，体积稳定性优良；水化产物Ca(OH)2更少，Ca（OH）2与HMNS-PG体系反应生成了CSH凝胶和AFt，结构更为稳定。     

Rational design and synthesis of upconversion luminescence-based optomagnetic multifunctional nanorattles for drug delivery

Optomagnetic multifunctional composite based on upconversion luminescence nanomaterial is regarded as a promising strategy for bioimaging,disease diagnosis and targeted delivery of drugs.To explore a mesoporous nanostructure with excellent water dispersibility and high drug-loading capacity,a novel nanorattle-structured Fe3O4@SiO2@NaYF4∶Yb,Er magnetic upconversion nanorattle (MUCNR) was suc-cessfully designed by using Fe3O4 as core and NaYF4∶Yb,Er nanocrystals as shell.The microstructures and crystal phase of the as-prepared MUCNRs were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy,X-ray powder diffraction and N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms.The Kirkendall effect was adapted to explain the formation mechanism of the MUCNRs.The loading content and encapsulation efficiency of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) could reach as high as 18.2％ and 60.7％,respectively.Moreover,the DOX loading MUCNR (DOX-MUCNR) system showed excellent sustained drug release and strong pH-dependent performance,which was conducive to drug release at the slightly acidic microenvironment of tumor.Microcalorimetry was used to quantify the interactions between the carrier structure and drug release rate directly.The heat release rates in the heat-flow diagrams are basically consistent with the DOX release rate,thereby showing that microcalorimetry assay not only provides a unique thermody-namic explanation for the structure-activity relationship of Fe3O4@SiO2@NaYF4∶Yb,Er MUCNRs but also provides powerful guidance to avoid the blind selection or design of drug carriers.Therefore,our work firmly provided a comprehensive perspective for using Fe3O4@SiO2@NaYF4∶Yb,Er MUCNRs as a remark-able magnetic targeted drug carrier.     

High areal capacitance of FeOOH-carbon nanotube negative electrodes for asymmetric supercapacitors

The relatively low capacitance of negative electrodes, as compared to the capacitance of advanced positive electrodes, poses a serious problem, since this limits the development of asymmetric supercapacitor (SC) devices with a large voltage window and enhanced power-energy characteristics. We fabricate negative SC electrodes with a high capacitance that match the capacitance of advanced positive electrodes at similar active mass loadings, as high as 37?mg?cm^?2. Cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy, galvanostatic charge-discharge data and the power-energy characteristics of the asymmetric SC device exhibit good electrochemical performance for a voltage window of 1.6?V. Our approach involves the development and application of particle extraction through liquid-liquid interface (PELLI) methods, new extraction mechanisms and efficient extractors to synthesize α-FeOOH and β-FeOOH electrode materials. The use of PELLI allows agglomerate-free processing of powders, which facilitates their efficient mixing with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and allows improved electrolyte access to the particle surface. Experiments to determine the properties of FeOOH-MWCNT composites provided insight into the influence of the electrode material and the structure of extractor molecules on the composite properties. The highest capacitance of 5.86?F?cm^?2 for negative electrodes and low impedance were achieved using α-FeOOH-MWCNT composites and a 16-phosphonohexadecanoic acid (PHDA) extractor. This extractor allows adsorption on particles, not only at the liquid-liquid interface, but also in the bulk aqueous phase and can potentially be used as a capping agent for particle synthesis and as an extractor in the PELLI method.     

Corrosion resistance of Al–Cr-slag containing chromium–corundum refractories to slags with different basicity

Al–Cr slag is the solid waste generated by the smelting of Cr metal. It presents a range of environmental hazards. This study addressed the corrosion resistance of Al–Cr slag containing chromium–corundum refractories to slags with different basicity. Herein, we provide suggestions for the use of Cr–corundum of different basicity in kilns. Al–Cr slag, brown fused Al₂O₃, and chrome green were used as the raw materials, with pure calcium aluminate cement being used as a binder. The brick samples, prepared using different blends of chrome green and corundum, were fired at 1600?°C, and subsequently subjected to a slag corrosion test. After corrosion by slag of different basicity, the phase composition and microstructure of the sample were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectrometer and scanning electron microscopy. There were two major findings. First, Cr–corundum brick made from Al–Cr slag has a better slag corrosion resistance than that made from Cr₂O₃ and brown fused Al₂O₃. Second, Cr–corundum brick made from Al–Cr slag has superior corrosion resistance to slag with a CaO:SiO₂ ratio of 2:1.     

浸渗法制备ZTA陶瓷/铁基复合材料研究进展

浸渗法制备ZTA陶瓷颗粒增强铁基复合材料的研究取得了很大进展。针对陶瓷预制体制备,铁水对陶瓷预制体的浸渗,陶瓷与铁水的润湿性,复合材料界面结合,复合材料耐磨性等方面的研究进行了论述。解决铁水对预制体的润湿性是实现浸渗的先决条件,常用的方法有在陶瓷预制体中添加活性元素,通过化学镀、气相沉积以及包覆等方法对陶瓷表面进行改性等;在陶瓷与金属基体间形成过渡层可以改善结合界面的组织结构,促进陶瓷与金属基体形成冶金结合;铁水对陶瓷预制体的浸渗机理,以及ZTA陶瓷复合材料的耐磨机理尚需要深入研究。     

Fe含量对热挤压再生铝合金组织和性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、万能拉伸机、显微硬度计等手段研究了不同Fe含量对热挤压再生铝合金组织和性能的影响,并探讨富Fe相形态演变机制。结果表明,Fe含量的增加有利于抑制再生铝晶粒尺寸的长大。随着Fe含量增加,晶粒尺寸逐渐减小,减小幅度达25%。热挤压后再生铝中富Fe相发生了折断和破碎,并沿着挤压方向呈带状分布。随着Fe含量增加,富Fe相的面积分数和平均长度均逐渐提高,当Fe含量分别为0.10%~1.24%时,面积分数和平均长度增长最快;而富Fe相的圆整度则随Fe含量的增加稍有降低。同时,再生铝的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率均随着Fe含量的增加呈现逐渐降低的趋势,最大降低幅度分别为10.4%、23.2%和46.0%,而显微硬度则逐渐提高,最大提高幅度为21.7%。断口形貌也由纯韧性断裂转变为混合型断裂模式。     

锰渣复合蛋壳粉对混凝土力学性能的影响

为解决锰渣和蛋壳对环境造成的污染问题,为实现锰渣和蛋壳资源的回收利用。本文对锰渣和蛋壳粉对混凝土的力学性能的相关影响进行了实验探究。在保证混凝土抗折抗压强度均大于对照组的情况下,实验得出了混凝土中可掺入的锰渣和蛋壳粉的最合适掺量:锰渣复合蛋壳粉掺入时,因养护龄期的不同,蛋壳粉的最佳掺量分别为3%和5%;蛋壳粉掺量为0时,锰渣的最佳掺量为5%,最大掺量为10%。     

Iron(II) Sulfate(VI) from Titania Production as a Raw Material for Preparation of Hydrogen Sulfide Sorbents

A hybrid sorbent material for removal of hydrogen sulfide from air was developed. The material is based on activated carbon and iron compounds obtained from waste iron(II) sulfate(VI) heptahydrate. The iron salt is deposited on the carbonaceous support and subjected to oxidation (Fe²⁺ to Fe³⁺) using atmospheric oxygen under alkaline conditions. An effect of H₂O₂ addition to the process on the composition of the resultant material was also examined. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed easy conversion of waste FeSO₄·7H₂O to iron oxides Fe₃O₄ and FeOOH. The activated carbon supporting iron oxides revealed a higher efficiency in H₂S elimination from air compared to the commercial activated carbon, without any modification.     

AC-13级配钢渣沥青混合料粘弹塑本构模型研究

为了研究钢渣沥青混合料非线性粘弹塑性变形特性,提出Schapery模型与改进Swchartz模型组合的积分型粘弹塑本构模型。采用钢渣替换AC-13级配中粒径2.36 mm以上的石灰石粗骨料,制作得到钢渣沥青混合料试件。设计并开展一系列的单轴压缩蠕变实验,通过应力递增蠕变回复实验,获得不同应力条件下材料的弹性、粘弹性应变和粘塑性应变,进而拟合确定本构模型参数。利用0.4 MPa、1.0 MPa下的蠕变回复实验验证模型有效性。结果表明,模型不仅能准确刻画钢渣沥青混合料蠕变过程中的弹性、粘弹性与粘塑性变形,还可用于预测不同应力水平下钢渣沥青混合料蠕变变形规律。